中国海洋科技研究动态与前瞻

Research Prospects and Trends of Chinese Marine Science & Technology

海洋科技是人类利用海洋的产物,又是人类推动海洋经济社会与海洋环境可持续发展的主要驱动力。中国学者围绕海洋科技战略、海洋科技产业、海洋科技创新能力与绩效、海洋科技成果转化、海洋科技体制以及重点海洋基础学科与海洋工程技术学科的相关领域进行了卓有成效的探索。梳理文献发现中国海洋科技研究有4个主要特点:1海洋科技战略研究侧重战略目标及其实现路线、重点海洋产业的技术战略、海洋科技成果的产业化战略等;2海洋科技产业研究局限在产业集聚影响因素与集聚区建设模式、效益评估与区域合作路径;3海洋科技创新能力研究集中在资源配置、省份与市的海洋科技能力横向或纵向比较、共性技术研发模式及科技效率问题;4海洋科技成果转化研究关注不同主体及其转化过程实现机制,而海洋科技管理研究则关注宏观体制变革;海洋科研项目的立项、评审与经费管理;海洋科技主体与载体建设等。最后立足于海洋科技国际发展趋势,指出未来研究前沿领域。

Marine science is the product of marine exploitation and utilization as well as the main driving force of marine e- conomy and society and marine environment sustainable development. Chinese scholars center on and have effective research on strategy, industries, innovation capacity and performance, achievement transformation, system and key marine basic sub- jects of marine science and technology as well as related marine project subjects. According to literature review, it manifests that Chinese marine science and technology research mainly focuses on：①Marine strategy research lays emphasis on overall strategy and its achievement roadmap, key marine industry technology strategy, marine science achievement industrializa- tion ;②Marine science and technology industry research is confined to marine science and technology industry agglomeration factors and clustering region construction pattern, performance evaluation and regional cooperation route;③ Marine science and innovation capacity emphasis on resource allocation, marine science and technology capability/capacity of coastal prov- inces and prefecture -level cities in accordance to horizontal comparison and longitudinal comparison, generic technology of science innovation and marine science industries development, marine science and technology efficiency issues of coastal provinces / inter - city;④Marine science and technology management is confined to main body and mechanism of marine science and technology achievement transformation, and macro system reform of national marine science and technology management, marine scientific research projects management research mainly pays attention to project approval, review and funding management, management mechanism and market mechanism exploration of marine science and technology main body and carrier construction. Furthermore, this research is based on international tendency of marine science management, and points out frontier research field.