微通道反应器连续快速合成乳腈工艺研究

The rapid continuously synthesis process research of 2-hydroxypropanenitrile in a micro-channel reactor

研究了微通道反应器内合成乳腈的反应可行性,并考查了反应温度、进料速度、催化剂、原料配比等因素对乳腈收率的影响。确定了较优的工艺条件:反应温度为20℃,乙醛进料速度为30mL/min,采用NaOH为催化剂,n(乙醛)∶n(氢氰酸)为1.0∶1.1,以乙醛计,乳腈反应收率达到97%。与传统合成工艺相比,氢氰酸投料比大幅降低,不仅降低了原料消耗,而且反应后处理更加容易,此外反应时间大幅度缩短,设备利用率提高。

In this paper, the synthesis process of 2 hydroxypropanenitrile in a micro-channel reactor was intro- duced, and the process is rapid and continuous. In the same time, the influence of reaction temperature, feed speed of raw materials, catalyst, the ratio of raw materials on the yield of 2-hydroxypropanenitrile were studied. The optimal experiment conditions were ascertained as follows ： the temperature of reaction was 20℃, the feed speed of acetaldehyde was 30mL/min, the catalyst was NaOH, and the ratio of acetaldehyde to hydrocyanic acid was 1.0 ： 1.1, the yield of 2 hydroxypropanenitrile could reach to 97% （in acetaldehyde）. Compared with the traditional syn- thesis process, the raio of HCN was sharply decreaced, which not only reduced the material consumption, and the post-processing was easier. Moreover, because the reaction time was greatly shorten, the equipment utilization wasimproved.