苎麻叶绿体SSR引物筛选及分析

Screening and analysis of chloroplast SSR primers in ramie

叶绿体微卫星标记为单亲遗传(除部分裸子植物外),有独立的进化路线,它在植物遗传多样性、群体遗传结构、系统发育分析及杂种鉴定等研究上用途广泛,是研究谱系地理的有效手段。苎麻的主产地和主要分布区均在我国,但其谱系地理研究目前尚未见有报道。该研究选择来自全国不同地区的52个苎麻样本,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,在23对已知通用叶绿体SSR引物中筛选出适用于苎麻谱系地理研究的SSR引物,并利用筛选到的多态引物对52个苎麻样本进行聚类分析和单倍型网络图分析。结果表明:从23对通用引物中共筛选出16对适用于苎麻的多态引物,其平均多态信息含量为0.1053,虽然以上引物多态性较低,但能够用于野生苎麻的遗传分析研究;这52个苎麻样本聚为10支,分为8个单倍型,初步分析表明叶绿体SSR遗传变异速率较慢,不适用于苎麻种内的系统发育研究,但以上引物能够检测苎麻种内单倍型变异,可用于苎麻的谱系地理研究。

Given a maternal inheritance nature （except for some gymnosperms） and a low frequency of genetic recom-bination, chloroplast satellites markers are especially useful in plant genetic diversity analysis, population genetic structure analysis, phylogenetic analysis and hybrid identification, which is an effective means of phylogeography. The main producing area and main distribution area of ramie is in China, but the phylogeography re- search on ramie have not been reported. This article＇s aim is to screen polymorphism cpSSR primers appropriate for phylogeography from universal cpSSR primers. In this paper, 23 pairs of universal cpSSR primers were screened using 52 ramie samples from different locations all over the country,by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. And clustering analysis and cpDNA haplotypes analysis of 52 ramie samples were conducted using the screened primers. Sixteen out of them were polymorphic, and the average polymorphism information content of them was 0.105 3. Although the polymorphism of these primers was low, they could be used in the research of genetic analysis in ramie. Fifty-two samples were clustered into ten groups and divided into eight haplotypes,and primarily analysis showed that the ge- netic variation of cpSSR remains slow, these primers were not suitable for phylogentic research. However, these primers were able to detect haplotype variation, and suitable for the phylogeography research on ramie.