新疆焉耆盆地黑果枸杞自然分布特点及其生物特性

Natural Distribution and Biological Characteristics of Lycium ruthenicum in Yanqi Basin of Xinjiang

对新疆焉耆盆地黑果枸杞的自然分布及其生物特性进行了研究。结果表明:黑果枸杞是典型的根蘖类无性系植物,并兼具有性和无性两套繁殖系统,其自然分布涵盖了焉耆盆地平原荒漠和低地草甸2类8个亚类的草地类型,占盆地10个亚类草地类型的80%,并在农区广泛分布,为焉耆盆地的广布种;其根系由水平根和地下垂直茎以及季节性分生存在的不定根组成;其有性繁育系统为异交型,并具花的色泽变化和"两花两果"特性;其无性繁育由水平根以根蘖克隆的形式繁殖;其单体群落中看似独立的植株个体,却是由地下由水平根相连的一个有机"整体",并具有相同的遗传基因;其植株具有夏眠及被掩埋后仍能存活并变性的特性。

Natural distribution and biological characteristics of Lycium ruthenicum in Xinjiang Yanqi Ba- sin were studled. The results shows： Lycium ruthenicum is a typical clonal plant which belongs to root sucker class, and has two sets of reproductive system, sexual and asexual. Its natural distribution covers 2 classes and 8 subclasses of the desert plains of Yanqi basin and lowland meadow grassland types, ac- counting for 80% of the 10 subgenera grassland types in basin, and widely distributed in rural areas, in Yanqi Basin. The root is composed of horizontal root and vertical underground stem and adventitious root which meristematic existing seasonal; the sexual breeding system are outcrossing, with flowers color change and ＂two flowers of two fruit＂ characteristics, the asexual breeding system reproduction by cloning root suckers with horizontal root. The monomer seemingly independent individual plants in the communi- ty, but connected by underground horizontal root of an organic integrity, and have the same genetic. It has summer hibernation properties and can survive after buried.