思想实验及其对化学仿真实验教学的启示

Thought Experiment and Its Enlightenment on Chemical Simulation Experiment Teaching

思想实验作为一种研究方法和阐明科学理论的表述方法，广泛应用于各个学科。其基本特征为：思想实验是在头脑中进行的实验，具有非实际的可操作性；思想实验，全凭思维中的抽象形式和抽象运动展开，具有严密的逻辑性；思想实验是人们在长期实验的经验基础上的产物，具有实践性。在化学教学中，随着信息技术的发展，仿真实验逐渐被教学一线所接受。考察仿真实验的相关研究和思想实验的特征可见：仿真实验具有思想实验的特质，仿真实验可视为思想实验在化学实验教学领域的特定表现。有限度地使用仿真实验，有利于促进化学教学手段的现代化和化学实验观念的更新。但仿真实验不能承载所有的实验教学功能，搞好仿真实验教学需以真实场景的实验教学为基础。

Thought experiment as a kind of research methods and description methods of sci- entific theory, is widely used in many fields. Its basic characteristics are as follows： thought ex- periment is processed in mind with non-actual operability; thought experiment is unfolded by ab- stract form and abstract movement in thinking with rigorous logic; thought experiment as the product of the experience of long-term experiments is practical. In chemistry teaching, the simu- lation experiment has been gradually accepted by frontline teachers with the development of infor- mation technology. Corollary can be drawn by the study of the relevant research of stimulation experiment and the characteristics of thought experiment： stimulation experiment possesses the characteristics of thought experiment, and it can be regarded as a specific manifestation of thought experiment in chemical experiment teaching. Using chemical simulation experiment in appropriate and limited degree has many positive effects on promoting the modernization develop- ment of chemistry teachin~ method and renewal of chemical experiment conceot.