高温和啶虫脒处理西花蓟马对其F_1代生命表参数的联合作用

Combined effects of high temperature and acetamiprid on life table parameters of the F_1 offspring of the treated Frankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

【目的】西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)(缨翅目:蓟马科)是一种危险的入侵害虫,其生长发育受温度影响显著。我们的前期研究表明,高温热激对西花蓟马的杀灭效果并不理想,但高温热激可以改变西花蓟马的药剂敏感性。为了探究高温热激后再进行杀虫剂减量处理能否提高高温对西花蓟马的防治效果,本实验测定了45℃高温热激2 h后恢复不同时间(8 h和24 h)啶虫脒对西花蓟马F1代生命表参数的影响,从控制种群发展的角度探究高温和啶虫脒防治西花蓟马最佳结合方式。【方法】应用特定年龄-龄期及两性生命表的方法,研究45℃高温热激和啶虫脒处理西花蓟马后其F1代种群的生命表参数。【结果】45℃热激2 h后恢复不同时间用啶虫脒处理西花蓟马亲代,其F1代卵、1龄幼虫和蛹的平均发育历期均显著长于对照(仅45℃热激2 h)的西花蓟马F1代(P<0.01);而且其F1代雌成虫的寿命和产卵量均显著少于对照(P<0.01)。热激恢复8 h后啶虫脒处理西花蓟马亲代,其F1代发育历期和雌成虫的寿命虽然与热激恢复24 h的F1代不存在显著性差异,但是其F1代的平均产卵前期(adult pre-oviposition period,APOP)和平均总产卵前期(total pre-oviposition period,TPOP)显著长于恢复24 h的F1代(P<0.01),单雌平均产卵量显著小于恢复24 h的F1代(P<0.01)。【结论】相比单一高温防治,高温和杀虫剂综合使用对西花蓟马有更好的防控效果。相比热激后恢复24 h,热激后恢复8 h再进行杀虫剂处理对西花蓟马有更好的防控效果。

[ Aim ] Frankliniella occidentalis （ Pergande ） （ Thysanoptera ： Thripidae ） is a dangerous invasive pest in the world, whose growth and development are greatly influenced by temperature. Our previous study indicated that heat shock did not achieve ideal efficiency in controlling F. occidentalis, but changed their sensitivity to insecticides. The effect of acetamiprid on life table parameters of the F1 offspring of heat-shocked F. occidentalis was determined to study whether reducing pesticide use could improve the control effect of high temperature and the optimum combination of high temperature and acetamiprid to control F. occidentalis. [ Methods] Age-stage and two-sex life tables were constructed to evaluate the effect of 45℃ heat shock and acetamiprid on life table parameters of the F1 offspring of F. occidentalis. [ Results ] For the F. occidentalis treated with acetamiprid after recovery for different time （8 h and 24 h） from 45℃ heat shock （2 h）, the average durations of egg, the 1st instar larva and pupa of their F1 offspring were significantly longer than the control which were only exposed to 45 ℃ heat shock for 2 h （ P 〈 0. O1 ）. And the longevity and fecundity of their FL offspring female adults were significantly less than the control （P 〈 0.01 ）. Although the developmental duration and female adult longevity of the F1 offspring of the thrips treated with acetamiprid after recovery from 45 ℃ heat shock for 8 h showed no significant difference from that of the F1 offspring treated with acetamiprid after recovery from 45℃ heat shock for 24 h, the adult pre-oviposition period （APOP） and the total pre-oviposition period （TPOP） of the F1 offspring recovery from 45℃ heat shock for 8 h were significantly longer than those of the F1 offspring recovery from 45 ℃ heat shock for 24 h （P 〈 0.01 ） , and the number of eggs laid per female of the F1 offspring recovery from 45℃ heat shock for 8 h was significantly less than that of the F1 offspring recovery from 45℃ heat shock for 24 h （P 〈0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] Compared with only high temperature stress, reasonable combination of high temperature and insecticides might get better efficiency in controlling F. occidentalis. An optimum control effect can be achieved when the insecticides are applied at 8 h instead of 24 h after heat shock.