栽培种花生荚果大小相关性状QTL定位

Mapping of QTLs for Pod Size Related Traits in Cultivated Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

以远杂9102为母本,徐州68-4为父本杂交衍生的F5和F6共188个家系,构建了一张包含365个标记,总长度713.07 c M,标记间平均距离1.96 c M的栽培种花生遗传图谱。图谱包含22个连锁群,各连锁群平均长度12.37~81.39 c M,连锁群上标记数量3~46个。结合2013和2014年采集的荚果表型数据,采用Win QTLcart 2.5软件的复合区间作图法（composite interval mapping,CIM）进行QTL定位和效应估计。2个环境下共检测到41个QTL,其中与荚果长、宽、厚和百果重相关的QTL分别为13、7、13和8个,表型变异解释率为3.14%~18.27%。有6个QTL在2种环境下被重复检测到,其中百果重相关的2个（q HPWLG13.1、q HPWLG14.1）,分布在LG13和LG14连锁群,遗传贡献率为6.95%~14.60%;与荚果长相关的3个（q LPLG2.2、q LPLG13.1、q LPLG14.1）,分布在LG2、LG13和LG14连锁群,遗传贡献率为3.14%~18.27%;与荚果厚相关的1个（q TPLG3.4）,分布在LG3连锁群,遗传贡献率为8.24%~9.24%。本研究涉及性状存在9个QTL热点区,每个热点区涉及2~3个性状,表型贡献率为3.57%~18.27%。

One hundred and eighty-eight recombinant inbred lines （RIL）, derived from a cross between two Spanish type peanut cultivars （Yuanza 9102 × Xuzhou 68-4）, were used as mapping population. Finally, a genetic linkage map consisting of 443 S SR loci in 22 linkage groups and covering 713.07 cM with an average distance of 1.96 cM was constructed. The length of linkage group was from 12.37 cM to 81.39 cM and the number of markers was 3-46. QTL mapping of the traits related to pod was conducted by using CIM model in WinQTLcart 2.5. A total of 41 QTLs were detected in the two environments, including thirteen for pod length, seven for pod width, thirteen for pod thickness and right for hundred pod weight, every single QTL explained 3.14%-18.27% of the phenotypic variation. A total of six QTLs were detected in both environments, including three for pod length with explained phenotypic variance of 3.14%-18.27% on the linkage group 2, linkage group 13 and linkage group 14. One for pod thickness with explained phenotypic variance of 8.24%-9.24% on the linkage group 3, and two for hundred pod weight with explained phenotypic variance of 6.95%-14.60% on the linkage group 13 and linkage group 14. The result showed that there were nine hotsports for QTL research, and each of them was associated with 2-3 traits, explaining 3.57%,18.27% of the phenotypic variation.