2014年“威马逊”超强台风作用下建筑结构灾损调查与分析：轻钢结构

Reconnaissance and analysis of building structure damages caused by super typhoon Rammasun in 2014: light steel structures

"威马逊"超强台风中心附近最大风力为17级,最大持续风速为60m/s,台风强度高于海南省北部建筑50年重现期设计台风,造成了严重的建筑结构灾损。通过14个建筑项目中64个轻钢结构的台风灾损情况,初步分析和总结了引起结构灾损的内在原因,并对改进轻钢结构的抗风设计提出了建议措施。主要结论为:经过正规设计、结构体系和连接构造合理的轻钢结构,其承重结构均安全地抵御了"威马逊"台风;在"威马逊"台风中轻钢结构的承重结构的受损主要是因结构自身存在明显缺陷而引起的;轻钢结构围护结构的灾损比承重结构的灾损更普遍和严重,引起围护结构灾损的主要原因为围护结构自身的缺陷和在设计中风荷载取值偏低。

The largest wind level near the center of super typhoon Rammasun was 17 grade, with maximum sustained wind velocity of 60m/s. The typhoon intensity was higher than that of 50 year return period design typhoon of buildings in the north of Hainan province, and serious structural damages were caused. Through the reconnaissance of typhoon disaster damages of 64 light steel structures in 14 construction projects, the underlying causes of the structural damages were preliminarily analyzed and summarized. And the measures and suggestions to improve the wind resistant design of light steel structures were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows： the load-bearing structures of light steel structures with qualified design and reasonable structural system and connection details were safe against the typhoon Rammasun; the damage of load-bearing structure of the light steel structures in the typhoon Rammasun was mainly due to its obvious defects of the structure ; the envelope systems of the light steel structures were more vulnerable to typhoon damages than the load- bearing systems, due to structural defects in the envelope systems and low wind load adopted in designing the envelope systems.