欧盟海洋政策对台湾海峡海洋治理的启示

Lessons of the Maritime Policy of the European Union to the Ocean Governance in the Taiwan Strait

中国大陆与中国台湾仅隔台湾海峡相望，双方已搭建了改善两岸政治经济关系的平台，并在此基础上提出了增进双方海洋合作的建议。在此背景下，本文考察了台湾海峡的受污海洋环境，并回顾了欧盟制定的成功区域性典范——《综合性海洋政策》。有鉴于此，我们可以汲取许多欧盟的区域性经验。文中概括了欧盟海洋政策的特点，并指出了借鉴欧盟经验的方法，包括政策制定过程、治理框架、管理工具等方面的经验。欧盟海洋政策具有跨部门、相互关联、跨国境的特点。更明确地说，欧盟成功经验的基础是欧盟更注重海洋环境，并高效地利用政策工具来获得政治支持。欧盟的上述经验可能会对两岸政府有所裨益。

Directly facing each other across the Taiwan Strait, China Taiwan and China Mainland have established a platform to improve their political- economic relations. With this development, greater maritime cooperation between both sides has been proposed. Against this background, this article bears in mind the Taiwan Strait＇s polluted marine environment and looks into the successful regional example of the European Union （EU）＇s development of the Integrated Maritime Policy. With this observation, much can be learned from this regional experience. This article identifies the characteristics of EU＇s maritime policy and methods to learn from the EU＇s experiences that include the policy development process, governance framework, and management tools. This is an inter-sectoral, interrelated, and cross-border maritime policy. More explicitly, the EU＇s successful experiences are based on the truths that the EU places more weight on the marine environment and efficiently uses policy tools to obtain political support. With this case, both cross-Taiwan Strait governments might benefit from the above- mentioned experiences.