薛荔籽果胶对高脂膳食去势大鼠脂质代谢及盲肠内环境的影响

Effect of Pectin from Ficus pumila L. Seeds on Lipid Metabolism and Cecum Environment in Castrated Rats Fed High Fat Diet

目的:研究薛荔籽果胶对高脂膳食去势大鼠脂质代谢及盲肠内环境的影响。方法:将40只健康雌性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为5组,其中1组作为空白对照进行卵巢伪切除手术(Sham组),另外4组进行双侧卵巢切除手术(OVX组),1周后分为模型对照组和饲喂5%、10%、15%薛荔籽果胶低、中、高剂量组。喂养4周后解剖测定大鼠血脂和肝脂含量、肝脏组织形态,以及盲肠内容物含水率和短链脂肪酸(shortchain fatty acids,SCFAs)含量等指标。结果:模型对照组大鼠的血脂以及肝脏质量、肝脏脂肪含量、每克肝脏中胆固醇、甘油三酯含量显著高于双侧卵巢伪切除组(P<0.05)。薛荔籽果胶对双侧卵巢切除大鼠的血脂浓度几乎没有影响,而肝脏质量有升高趋势,但无显著性差异;同时能显著升高盲肠壁湿质量、盲肠壁表面积、盲肠组织湿质量和盲肠内容物湿质量(P<0.05);也能升高盲肠内容物中各SCFAs和总SCFAs含量,且具有明显的剂量关系。结论:薛荔籽果胶对高脂膳食引起高脂血症去势大鼠的血脂、肝脂没有降低效果,反而升高了肝脂水平,但在肠道方面,能改善高脂膳食去势大鼠肠道健康。

Objective： To investigate the effect of pectin from Ficus pumila L. seeds on lipid metabolism and cecum environment in castrated rats fed high-fat diet. Methods： Forty healthy female SD rats were divided into 5 groups. The control group consisted of sham-ovariectomized rats, and the rats from four other groups were double ovariectomized （OVX）. One week later, the OVX rats were assigned into model control group and pectin groups receiving low （5%）, medium （10%） and high doses （15%）, respectively. All rats were dissected after 4 weeks of feeding to analyze serum lipids, hepatic lipids, hepatic histology, and the content of water and short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs） in the cecum contents. Results： Compared to the sham control group, the levels of serum lipid, liver lipid, hepatic cholesterol and hepatic triglyceride in the model group significantly increased （P 〈 0.05）. Pectin from Ficus pumila L. seeds had no significant effect on the concentrations of serum lipids in OVX rats, but resulted in a higher but not significantly different liver weight and simultaneously a significant increase in the wet weight and surface area of cecum wall, the wet weight of cecum tissue and the wet weight of cecum contents compared with the model group （P 〈 0.05）. Feeding pectin could increase the concentrations of SCFAs and total SCFA in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion： Ficus pumila L. seed pectin could not decrease high fat-diet induced hyperlipidaemia in ovariectomized rats, but could increase liver lipids and improve the cecum environment.