可用于富氢重整气中CO消除的负载型Ni基甲烷化催化剂研究进展

Development in supported Ni-based methanation catalyst for removal of CO in hydrogen-rich reforming gases

富氢重整气中微量CO会引起燃料电池中Pt电极的永久性中毒而影响燃料电池的性能,通过CO甲烷化反应是消除富氢重整气中微量CO的有效方法。介绍了近年来在CO甲烷化Ni基催化剂组成、制备方法和催化机理等方面的研究进展。阐述了载体的性质、稀土和贵金属助剂以及制备方法对CO甲烷化Ni基催化剂性能的影响。研究重点通过优化载体、组成和制备方法制备新型Ni基催化剂,使其在低温下对CO甲烷化反应有着很好的催化活性、选择性和稳定性,同时抑制高温下CO2甲烷化反应和逆水煤气反应的发生。

Pt electrode of the fuel cells can be permanently poisoned by trace CO in the hydrogen-rich reformed gases. CO methanation is one of the effective methods of removal of the trace CO. The recent pro- gress in the composition, preparation methods and catalytic mechanisms of Ni-based methanation catalysts were reviewed. The effects of support properties, the promoters of noble metal and rare earth metal, and their preparation methods on the performance of Ni-based methanation catalysts were also introduced. The research will be focused on the preparation of novel Ni-based catalysts by optimizing the carrier, the composition and the preparation methods in order to obtain CO methanation catalysts with good activity, selectivity and stability at low temperature and inhibit CO2 methanation reaction and the reversed water- gas shift reaction at high temperature.