系列阳离子硼化物的研究进展

The research progress of series borides cation

硼的阳离子是一类极其不稳定的、高度亲电子的物质,它易与各类给电子体形成各类阳离子硼化物。这类化合物在硼化学中发挥着非常重要的作用,尤其可以用作Lewis酸,用于催化一些有机化学的反应,如烯烃和氮杂环卡宾-硼烷的硼氢化反应、丙烯氧化物的聚合反应以及"失配的Lewis对"(FLPs)反应等。本文综述了R2B+(Borinium cation)、R2B+L(Borenium cation)和R2B+L2(Boronium cation)三种类型的系列阳离子硼化物从被发现到被合成的发展历程,结构稳定性研究以及它们催化某些化学反应的应用进展。

Boron cations are elusive and highly electrophilic species ,which are easily forming borides cation with electron donor. These compounds play a key role in the chemistry of boron. Especially they can be used as Lewis acid catalysts in organic transformations, such as Hydroboration of Alkenes with N-Heterocylic Carbene-Boranes, Polymerization of Propylene oxide and PLPs,etc. This paper reviews the process of the three kinds of borides cation, including R2B^＋（Borinium cation）, R2B^＋L（Borenium cation） and R2B^＋L2（Boronium cation）,which were discovered and synthesized, structural stability, as well as the application progress which were used as catalysts in some chemical reaction.