粪便菌群移植在炎症性肠病中的应用进展

Application of fecal microbiota transplantation in inflammatory bowel disease

粪便菌群移植(fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT)是将健康供体粪便中的菌群,通过特殊方式植入患者的肠道内,从而调节患者的肠道菌群,使患者恢复正常的肠道微生态系统,为治疗因肠道菌群失调导致的各种肠道内外疾病提供一种新的治疗手段.FMT目的是重建正常肠道菌群,并实现对肠道内异常的炎症反应、免疫状态、能量代谢、神经递质数量与活化等的调节.其是一种运用于常规治疗手段失败的肠道细菌相关性疾病的选择性治疗而非初级治疗.目前报道使用FMT治疗疾病的种类越来越多,但都属于起步阶段,没有统一的标准,相关问题有待进一步研究解决,推进标准化FMT尚需更大努力.本文就近几年FMT在炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)中的应用进展作一综述.

Fecal microbiota transplantation （FMT） is the transplantation of the fecal microbiota from a healthy donor into the intestine of a patient via a special way, which can help regulate the intestinal flora and make the patient restore normal intestinal micro ecology system. FMT represents a novel treatment for intestinal flora imbalance caused by a variety of intestinal diseases, with the aim to restore the normal intestinal flora and improve the abnormalintestinal inflammation, immune status, energy metabolism, and neurotransmitter activation. FMT is a selective, rather than primary, treatment for patients after failed conventional treatment. Currently, FMT has been reported to be used for treatment of more and more diseases; however, there has been no unified standard for this promising treatment. Greater efforts should be taken to standardize FMT. This article reviews the application of FMT in inflammatory bowel disease 0BD）.