船舶机械磁悬浮气囊混合隔振技术

Vibration isolation technology for ship machinery using electromagnetic actuator and air spring

有源无源混合隔振是控制船舶低频线谱噪声的重要技术,但工程应用的实例还非常少见。在磁悬浮-气囊混合隔振理论和原理样机研究的基础上,针对船用机械低频线谱的隔振需求,进一步突破了体积小、输出力大、功耗低、频响平直、波形失真度低等磁悬浮作动器工程化设计技术;解决了混合隔振器的稳定性和冲击、摇摆适应性等技术难题;研究了工程实用的控制算法,采用非线性逆模型补偿使控制系统线性化,并提出了窄带Fx-Newton时域算法,可在机械设备运行时的多线谱、多通道耦合、线谱振幅非稳态等情况下实现快速稳定控制;研制了船用200 kW柴发机组混合隔振装置,实验结果表明该技术具有优良的宽频隔振效果和低频线谱控制能力,性能可满足工程实用要求。

Active-passive isolation is an important technology to control low-frequency sinusoids of ship noise, but it has been rarely applied in engineering practice. Based on principle research of isolation system using electromagnetic actuator and air spring, engineering actuators are designed with advantages of small volume, large output force, low power consumption, etc. Active-passive isolators are also developed with good stability and good adaptability to shock and swing in ship environment. To achieve highly efficient control in circumstances of multiple sinusoids, MIMO coupling and amplitude fluctuation, engineering algorithms are developed： the system is linearized by compensation with a nonlinear inverse model, and a time-domain Fx-Newton narrowband algorithm is proposed to ensure rapid and stable convergence. The active-passive isolation system is mounted under a 200 kW ship diesel generator and experiment results show that this system has excellent isolation effect on broadband and low-frequency sinusoidal vibration, with satisfactory performance for engineering application.