感音神经性听力损失与听神经病谱系障碍患者汉语声调感知能力的研究

Lexical tone perception in sensorineural hearing-impaired and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder

目的:探讨感音神经性听力损失和听神经病谱系障碍患者感知汉语声调的能力,对比分析2种听力损失对声调感知的影响。方法:3组受试者参与该项研究工作,包括听力正常受试者11例,感音神经性听力损失患者14例,听神经病谱系障碍患者25例。原始声调测试材料选取10个单音节,每个音节配4个声调,组成40个单音节词。分别由男女声进行多次录制,选取四声之间时长差别小于5ms的80个单音节词做为最终测试词,受试者根据听到的单音节词进行四选一声调识别测试。结果:听力正常受试者平均声调识别得分为(97.3±2.8)%,感音神经性听力损失受试者平均声调识别得分为(88.0±9.9)%,听神经病谱系障碍受试者平均声调识别得分为(65.7±17.1)%。听力正常者与感音神经性听力损失者和听神经病谱系障碍者声调识别得分均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),感音神经性听力损失者与听神经病谱系障碍者声调识别得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。感音神经性听力损失者和听神经病谱系障碍者的声调识别得分与其听阈阈值均呈负相关(r=-0.756、-0.546,均P<0.01)。结论:伴随听力损失程度加重,感音神经性听力损失和听神经病谱系障碍患者的汉语声调识别能力均下降,而听神经病谱系障碍患者的声调识别能力损失更为严重,且存在个体差异大的特点。

Objective：This study was aimed at investigating the ability of lexical tone perception in listeners with sensorineural hearing impairment and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder . Method ： Three groups ofsubjects were recruited in this study, including 11 subjects with normal hearing, 14 subjects with sensorineural hearing impairment, and 25 subjects with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. Ten monosyllabic syllables were selected, and combined with four lexical tones which were made up of 40 tone tokens as the original test materials. Then, these original words were recorded using one adult male and one adult female native Beijing Mandarin speaker. The speakers were asked to record these 40 monosyllabic words multiple times, and the 80 tokens in which the durations of four tones in each monosyllabic word were within 5ms precision were chosen as the test tone tokens. The subjects were asked to perform a four-alternative forced-choice study and select which tone they had heard. Result： The mean and standard deviation of the tone perception correct scores for normal-hearing subjects, subjects with sensorineural hearing impairment, and subjects with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder were （97.3 ±2.8） %, （88.0± 9.9） %, and （ 65.7±17.1 ） %, respectively. Significant differences in tone perception scores were found to be between subjects with normal hearing and subjects with sensorineural hearing impairment （P〈0.01） and between subjects with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder （P〈0.01）. In addition, a signifi- cant difference was found to be between subjects with sensorineural hearing impairment and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder （P〈0.05）. A significantly negative correlation was observed between tone perception score and pure tone hearing thresholds for both subjects with sensorineural hearing loss（r= -0. 756, P〈0.01） and subjects with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder （r=- 0. 546, P〈0.01）. Conclusion：As the hearing loss became more severe, the ability to perceive lexical tone for both subjects with sensorineural hearing loss and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder reduced. Subjects with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder had more degraded ability to per- ceive lexical tone and a larger individual difference, in comparison with subjects with sensorineural hearing loss.