100例前列地尔不良反应分析

Analysis of 100 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Alprostadil

目的分析前列地尔不良反应的临床特点和相关因素,为l临床预防及治疗提供参考。方法检索我院2010至2014年收到的前列地尔不良反应报告(ADR),分析患者的性别、年龄、原患疾病、前列地尔规格及用药剂量、给药方式、临床表现、关联性评价、处置方法和预后。结果共收集到前列地尔不良反应100例。100例患者中男性56例,平均年龄(53.8±16.5)岁,女性44例,平均年龄(56.9±14.5)岁。原息疾病主要为骨折20例、肾病19例、静脉曲张13例。前列地尔用药剂量10μg·d^(-1)(2例)和20μg·d^(-1)(27例)。96例患者采用静脉滴注,4例采用静脉注射。用药时间中位数为2 d(2.9±2.8)d。不良反应临床表现主要为心外血管系统损害,占62.4%。100例ADR,"肯定"2例;"很可能"47例;"可能"51例。不良反应治疗方法包括停药、外敷、吸氧、静注糖皮质激素等。100份报告预后结果 ,其中17例治愈,83例好转。结论前列地尔不良反应时有发生,临床应该注意前列地尔的正确保存和使用,并应加强前列地尔不良反应的监测。

Objective To provide references for clinical prevention and treatment by analyzing the clinical features and related factors of adverse drug reactions due to alprostadil. Methods The incidences of ADRs caused by alprostadil reported in the hospital from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed in terms of gender, age, primary disease, specification and dosage, the method of administration, clinical manifestation, relevance evaluation, treatment and prognosis. Results Totally, 100 cases of ADR caused by alprostadil were reported. In 100 patients, 56 cases were male, average age was （65.5±1.7） years old, while 44 cases was female, average age was （52.5 ±26.5） years old. Mainly primary disease were fracture （20 cases）, nephropathy （19 cases）, varicose vein （13 cases）. Alprostadil doses were 10 μg·d-1 （2 cases） and 20 μg·d-1 （27 cases）. 96 patients were treated with intravenous infusion, 4 cases with intravenous injection. Medication time was 2 d （2.9 ± 2.8） d. Clinical manifestations of adverse reactions were mainly cardiac vascular system damage, accounting for 62.4%. In all 100 cases of ADR, 2 cases were ＂must＂, 47 cases ＂very likely＂, 51 cases ＂possible＂. Treatment methods of adverse reaction were withdrawal, external application, oxygen inhalation, intravenous injection of glucocorticoid. Among the outcomes, 17 cases were cured, 83 cases improved. Conclusion Adverse reactions of alprostadil have occurred from time to time, clinical attention should be paid to the proper preservation and use of alprostadil and alprostadil adverse reactions monitoring.