天津市社区居民精神卫生知识知晓率及相关因素

The awareness of mental health and its associates: a cross-sectional survey in Tianjin community inhabitants

目的评估天津市社区居民精神卫生知识知晓水平和影响因素。方法在2011年天津市精神障碍患病率调查社区居民样本中随机抽取12%填写《精神卫生知识问卷》。按照基础设计权重和事后分层权重调整精神卫生知识知晓率,分析《精神卫生知识问卷》总分的影响因素。结果 1615名社区居民完成了调查。以12分（问卷条目回答正确率60%）作为＂知晓＂标准时对应的社区人群精神卫生知识知晓率为71.19%（95%CI：71.12%~71.26%）。单因素分析显示居住地（城市vs.农村）、民族、年龄、家庭人均收入、受教育年限、家庭成员最高受教育程度等6个因素对精神卫生知识问卷得分的影响具有统计学显著性。多元线性回归模型分析显示城乡、年龄、受教育年限等3个因素是精神卫生知识知晓水平的影响因素。结论天津市社区居民的精神卫生知晓率偏低,应在重点人群加强宣教预防精神障碍的知识。

Objective To evaluate the mental health awareness in Tianjin community residents and to analyze the associate factors. Method There were 12% participants of Tianjin Mental Health Survey selected randomly to answer the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire （MHLQ） provided by Chinese Ministry of Health. The rates of awareness defined by numbers of right answered items were adjusted by design and post-stratification weight. Univa- riate analysis and multiple linear regression models were adopted to test factors related to the total scores of MHLQ. Results There are 1615 participants finished MHLQ. The awareness rate of mental health in Tianjin community dwellers is 71.19% （95%CI： 71.12%-71.26%） provided that the 12 or more points is considered to be. the standard of mental health awareness. The results of univariate analysis showed that the place of residence, ethnic, age, household income, the highest educational level of family members are related to the MHLQ total scores. The result of Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that the place of residence, age and education level are related to MHLQ total score. Conclusion Awareness of mental health in Tianjin residents is currently inadequate for men- tal health promotion. Advocacy of knowledge on mental disorders prevention and general knowledge about mental health should be strengthened.