酵母细胞内离子稳态的调控机制

Regulation of ion homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

活有机体都需要营养矿物质来维持生长,并形成了捕获、利用以及贮存营养矿物质的有效机制。过量的离子对细胞也可能是有毒性的,因此细胞形成了复杂的稳态调节机制来调节它们的胞内水平,以维持细胞的正常生长和避免过量的离子对细胞造成的毒性。该文综述了酿酒酵母细胞内p H的调控,细胞对金属离子的吸收、贮存和外排的机制,包括一价金属离子Na+和K+、二价阳离子Ca2+和Mg2+,以及微量金属离子Fe2+、Zn2+、Cu2+和Mn2+等。并提出有待研究的问题和措施,也对今后的研究趋势和研究意义进行了展望。

Nutrient minerals for growth were required by all living organisms, and the mechanisms to acquire, utilize, and store nutrient minerals have been developed by them effectively. However,too much metal ions could be toxic to cells, so sophisticat- ed systems have been developed to regulate their homeostasis to avoid their toxicity. The current understanding the regulation mechanisms have been particularly summarized in this review, which including the control of intracellular pH, as well as up- take, storage, and efflux mechanisms for the alkali metal cations, Na ＋ and K ＋ , the divalent cations, Ca2 ＋ and Mg2＋ , and the trace metal ions, Fe2＋ , Zn2 ＋ , Cu2 ＋ , and Mn2 ＋. The problems and measures about future research were put forward, and the further researching areas and significance were also prospected.