近代汉语中“与”“给”字式使役句研究

A Study of the Use of “与( yu) ”and “给( gei) ”in the Causative Sentences in Modern Chinese

近代汉语使役句的句法结构可以表述为"主语+使役动词+兼语+VP",语义结构可以表述为"致事+使役标记+被使者+结果"。通过对近代汉语"与"和"给"字式使役句句法和语义结构的分析,我们可以更加清楚地勾勒其发展变化过程,即使役动词从动作义到具体使役,再到抽象使役或被动义。

The syntactic structure of the causative sentences in modern Chinese can be expressed in a la： ＂subject ＋ causative verb ＋ object ＋ vp＂, and the semantic structure of the causative sentences expressed in another formula：＂causer ＋ causative marking ＋ the receiver of action ＋ results＂. Through formu- can be the a- nalysis of the two characters ＂与＂ and ＂给＂ applied in the syntactic sentence structure and the semantic sen- tence structure, it will be clearer of the process of their developmental changes velop from doing the action to a concrete action, and then to an abstract action , that is, the causative verbs de- or receiving the action.