四川5个产区松茸挥发性成分比较研究

Volatile Components of Tricholoma matsutake from Five Different Areas of Sichuan

为了解四川各产区鲜松茸挥发性成分的异同,采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GCMS)分析了松茸的挥发性成分,在5个产地松茸子实体中分别确定出30、25、18、16和28个化合物,共计52种。C8类化合物及己醛、苯甲醛、壬醛、右旋萜二烯、肉桂酸甲酯是松茸的主要挥发性成分,也是五个产区松茸子实体中的共有成分,占检测到的挥发性成分含量的70%以上。不同产区松茸挥发性成分种类及含量具有显著差异,各个产区松茸均含有独特的挥发性成分,这导致了松茸香气呈现一定的地域性特征,并且研究发现松茸挥发性成分可能与共生树种及环境具有一定相关性。研究结果可作为鉴定及区分各个产区松茸的化学辅助手段,同时还可为提升松茸品质提供参考。

In order to investigate the differences of volatile components in fruiting bodies of Tricholoma matsutake from different geographical areas,gas chromatographymass spectrometry （GC-MS） were used to detect the volatile components in T.matsutake fruiting bodies collected from five main producing areas in Sichuan.A total of 52 volatile components were identified in T.matsutake from five geographical origins.C8 components like 1-octene,（E）-2-octenal,phenylacetaldehyde and other volatiles like hexanal,benzaldehyde,methyl cinnamate were detected in all samples and dominant in T.matsutake from different geographical origins.These volatile components account for more than 70% of detected volatiles.Moreover,the species and content of volatile components in T.matsutake from different geographical origins changed significantly.This lead to regional characteristics of T.matsutake from different geographical origins.The results also indicated that volatile composition can be affected by symbiotic tree or the environment.The result can be used as chemical indicators for the classification of T.matsutake from different geographical origins and provide some ideas to improve the quality of T.matsutake.