湖北蕲春县蕲艾GAP种植基地的环境质量评价

Environmental Quality Evaluation of GAP Planting Bases of Artemisia argyi in Qichun County of Hubei Province

目的:评价湖北蕲春县蕲艾种植基地的环境质量,为建立符合《中药材生产质量管理规范》(GAP)要求的蕲艾种植基地提供科学依据。方法:采用国家《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-1996)、《农田灌溉水质标准》(GB 5084-2005)、《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618-1995),分别对红门楼、竹林湖、童新3个蕲艾主要产区的大气、灌溉水、土壤质量进行检测。结果:3个蕲艾主要产区的大气质量(包括二氧化硫、二氧化氮、总悬浮颗粒物和氟化物等指标)均达到了《环境空气质量标准》(一级)标准;灌溉水质量(包括p H、氯化物、硫化物、总砷、总汞、铅、镉、粪大肠菌群数、蛔虫卵数等指标)均达到了《农田灌溉水质标准》(旱作)基本要求;土壤质量(包括p H、镉、汞、铅、砷、铬、铜、滴滴涕和六六六等指标)也均达到了《土壤环境质量标准》(二级)标准。结论:该种植基地大气、灌溉水、土壤质量完全符合GAP的相关要求,适合建立蕲艾药材生产基地。

OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the environmental quality of planting bases of Artemisia argyi in Qichun county of Hubei province so as to provide scientific foundation for the construction of the planting bases of A. argyi which conforms to the requirements of Good Agriculturing Practice（GAP）. METHODS：By reference to national Ambient Air Quality Standards（GB 3095-1996）,Water Quality Standards for Farm Irrigation（GB 5084-2005）and Soil Environment Quality Standards（GB 15618-1995）,the ambient air,irrigation water and soil quality at 3 major producing areas of A. argyi,including Hongmenlou,Zhulinhu and Tongxin,were tested respectively. RESULTS：At the 3 major producing areas,the ambient air（including sulfur dioxide,nitrogen dioxide,total suspended particulates,fluoride,etc.）was up to primary standards in Ambient Air Quality Standards,irrigation water quality（including p H,chloride,sulfide,total arsenic,total mercury,lead,cadmium,fecal coligroup count,number of ascaris eggs,etc.）met the basic dry farming requirements in Water Quality Standards for Farm Irrigation,and soil quality（including p H,cadmium,mercury,lead,arsenic,chromium,copper,DDT,hexachlorocyclohexane,etc.） reached secondary standards in Soil Environment Quality Standards. CONCLUSIONS：The aforesaid results show that the planting bases meet GAP requirements in ambient air,irrigation water and soil quality and are applicable producing areas of medicinal material A. argyi.