内质网应激与胰岛β细胞凋亡的研究进展

Relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells

胰岛β细胞具有高度发达的内质网,对内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)非常敏感。多种因素可以打破内质网稳态,引起蛋白质折叠障碍或错误折叠以及Ca2+代谢紊乱,进一步触发内质网应激。适度的内质网应激有利于细胞内环境的恢复,过度的内质网应激可会导致内质网功能受损,诱导胰岛β细胞凋亡,从而介导糖尿病的发生、发展。本文就内质网应激与胰岛β细胞凋亡的研究进展做一综述。

Pancreatic β cell has an abundance of endoplasmic reticulum （ER）, and it is sensitive of endo- plasmic reticulum stress （ERS）. The ER is sensitive to alterations in homeostasis, and ERS caused by accumu- lation of misfolded and unfolded protein as well as disturbances of calcium metabolism in ER. Moderate ERS contributes to adaptive cytoprotection through the activation of unfolded protein response, while excessive ERS triggers ER impaired and β cell apoptosis, with which playing a role in diabetes. This review summarizes the recent advance about relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells.