水稻叶倾角调控的分子机制研究进展

Research progress in molecule regulation mechanism of leaf inclination angle in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

叶倾角发育是影响叶片直立程度的重要因素,而直立叶型是高产水稻株型的重要指标之一。本文综述了近年来有关水稻叶倾角基因功能鉴定和分子调控机制的研究进展。激素在水稻叶倾角发育中起主要调控作用,尤其以油菜素内酯、生长素和赤霉素三类激素的作用最大。调控过程涉及到激素的合成与信号途径,同时也存在激素间的相互作用和其他调控途径,表明水稻叶倾角的调控是一个涉及多基因共同作用和多条信号途径的复杂过程。植物激素合成基因表达异常或信号传导异常可导致叶枕近轴与远轴面细胞分裂与生长不平衡,进而改变叶倾角。

Leaf angle development is an important factor affecting the extent of the blade upright and up- right blade phenotype is an essential index for high yield rice breeding. The research progress in gene iden- tification and molecular regulation mechanisms for the rice leaf angle are reviewed. Hormones have been found to play key roles in regulating rice leaf angle, with brassinosteroid, auxin and gibberellin having the greatest effect. The regulation process involved hormone synthesis and signaling pathways, and the interac- tions between hormones and other regulatory pathways. These indicate that rice plant leaf angle regulation is a complex process involving multi-gene interaction and multiple signal pathways. Abnormal plant hormone bio- synthesis and/or signal transduction can lead to the imbalanced division and expansion of adaxial and abaxial cells in the collar, and resulting the changes in leaf angle.