论心理人类学对科学心理学的超越

On the Transcendence of Psychological Anthropology to Scientific Psychology

心理人类学是相对人文化的领域,但与(科学)心理学在主题上相近且同样强调经验研究,因此心理学可将其作为"他者"加以了解、比照和借鉴。在人的理解层面,心理人类学重视人的社会、文化、生态、整体和意义维度,建构出了不同于心理学过分个体和还原的人的形象;在研究方式层面,心理人类学拓展出了一条迥异于心理学自然科学模式的合理道路,即强调异域-跨文化研究、本地人视角、民族志方法论、跨学科与伦理。未来,整个心理学可在"整合视野"的关照下,重审当前取向的合理性范围,并辩证吸收心理人类学等"他者"的智慧。

Psychological Anthropology relatively belongs to humanities. However, it shares the similarities of themes with （scientific） psychology,and both stress empirical research. Therefore it can be regarded as the ＂other＂ of psychology for studying,contrast and reference. At the level of understanding of human being,psychological anthropology,with em-phasis on socio-cultural, ecological, holism and meaning dimensions, constructs a pattern different from the psychology which is overly individualism and reductionism;At the level of research model,psychological anthropology provides a rea-sonable way quite different from the natural sci ence model of psychology, which focuses on the other-cultural and cross-cultural study,native perspective,ethnographic methodology,interdisciplinary and ethics. In future,guided by theory of“Integrated Horizon”,the whole psychology should review the rationality range of current paradigm and dialectically ab-sorb many others wisdom,such as psychological anthropology etc.