城市幼儿与流动幼儿入学语言准备的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Urban Children's and Migrant Children's Language Readiness

以北京市272名城市大班幼儿与流动大班幼儿为研究对象,对其入学语言准备状况进行测查,结果显示:城市幼儿和流动幼儿语言各方面的发展不均衡,细微差异识别、前阅读技能和故事理解方面的发展水平均好于其他方面,基本达到了入学准备的要求,但阅读理解和口语表达能力与入学准备要求差距较大;城市幼儿和流动幼儿除汉字结构意识一项不存在显著差异外,无论是语言总分还是其他各项目得分均存在极其显著的差异,城市幼儿入学语言准备水平显著高于流动幼儿。政府应加大经费投入,提高城市幼儿和流动幼儿所在园教师的专业素质,改善流动幼儿的语言教育状况,有效地缩小流动幼儿与城市幼儿教育质量的差距,以推动教育公平的实现。

The study examines the language readiness of 272 urban and migrant preschool children in Beijing. The result indicates that the language development levels of urban and migrant children are not balanced in each domain. Urban and migrant children are both more advanced in the development of recognition of slight difference, pre-reading skills and story comprehension than other that of other domains. They basically meet the admission requirements. However, there is a large gap between the admission requirement and the development of reading comprehension and speaking skills. There are significant differences between urban and migrant children in each dimension except awareness of structure of Chinese characters. Urban children are significantly ahead of migrant children in the domain of language readiness. The government should invest more to enhance the professional qualities of kindergarten teachers, improve the language education of migrant children and effectively narrow the gap between the education quality of migrant and urban children in order to promote the equal access to education.