上海市高中生闲暇活动满意度及其影响因素分析

Satisfaction in leisure activities and associated factors among high school students in Shanghai

目的了解上海市高中生闲暇活动满意度及其影响因素,为进一步改善高中生闲暇生活质量提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法对上海市5个区9所学校的高一和高二年级4 229名学生进行问卷调查,收集闲暇活动的满意度及其相关信息,对数据进行统计分析。结果目前上海市高中生闲暇活动的总体满意度为47.8%,主要闲暇活动为做作业和学习学校课程高中生的闲暇活动满意度为44.7%,比不是做作业和学习学校课程的高中生(57.0%)低(χ2=46.699,P<0.01);主要闲暇活动为体育锻炼和休闲娱乐的高中生闲暇活动满意度(56.9%,52.1%)比不是体育锻炼和休闲娱乐的高中生(43.9%,38.7%)高(χ2值分别为63.450,123.080,P值均<0.01);自我感觉学习成绩中等和优良的高中生闲暇活动满意度分别为45.5%和53.7%,比自我感觉学习成绩差的高中生满意度(38.3%)高(χ2=71.206,P<0.01);外向、情绪稳定的高中生闲暇活动的满意度(56.7%,56.5%)比内向、情绪不稳定的高中生(39.0%,37.5%)高(χ2值分别为72.987,134.390,P值均<0.01)。结论学校、家长和社会应适当减轻高中生的课业负担,鼓励学生多参加体育锻炼、休闲娱乐、旅游和海外游学等闲暇活动,并加大对高中生性格的关注力度,对提高高中生的闲暇活动满意度有重要意义。

Objective To examine satisfaction in leisure activities and associated factors among high school students in Shanghai and to provide useful information for improving leisure activities. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among grade 1 and grade 2 students in 9 high schools from 5 districts in Shanghai. Information on satisfaction in leisure activities was col- lected and analyzed. Results The general satisfaction in leisure activities among high school students in Shanghai was 47.8%. Compared with students whose main leisure activities were not doing homework or taking courses （ 50.7% ）, only 44.7% of students who spent most of their leisure time doing homework or taking courses reported high satisfaction in leisure activities. Compared with students whose mainly chose sports and entertainments as leisure activities （ 43.9% ）, 38.7% of students whose main leisure activi- ties are not sports and entertainments reported high satisfaction in leisure activities. Satisfaction in leisure activities among students who consider themselves distinctive and well in academic performance was higher （ 45.5%, 53.7% ） than those who consider them- selves poor in academic performance （38.3% Outgoing and stable emotion students （56.7%, 56.5% ） reported more satisfaction than introverted and unstable emotion students（ 39.0%, 37.5% ）. Conclusion Schools, parents and society should encourage students to participate in more activities such as aerobic exercises, entertainment, and tourism, as well as pay more attention on personality of students, which play an important role in satisfaction in leisure activities.