贵州省贫困医学生心理复原力与人格特征关系

Relationship between psychological resilience and personality traits of impoverished medical undergraduates in Guizhou Province

目的了解贫困医学生心理复原力现状及其与人格特征的关系,为提高医学生心理复原力水平提供指导和依据。方法采用大学生心理复原力量表与卡特尔16种人格因素问卷,对分层随机抽取的贵州省3所本科医学院校1 940名医学生进行问卷调查,共纳入贫困医学生444名。结果贫困医学生心理复原力水平得分为(103.54±11.16)分,总体处于良好水平;不同性别学生自我接纳、自我效能、稳定性和问题解决得分差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.87,2.91,-1.98,2.31,P值均<0.05),不同民族学生家庭支持得分差异有统计学意义(t=2.52,P<0.05),不同年级学生朋友支持和家庭支持得分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.00,3.62,P值均<0.05)。除幻想性、世故性和实验性外,其他人格特征与心理复原力及其各维度之间的相关均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。稳定性与有恒性是贫困医学生心理复原力强弱的重要影响因素(OR值分别为1.223,1.298,P值均<0.05)。结论贫困医学生心理复原力处于良好水平,但与非贫困医学生仍然存在一定差距。心理复原力与人格特征存在一定关系,心理复原力受人格因子稳定性与有恒性的影响,稳定性和有恒性在一定程度上可以预测心理复原力。

Objective To explore the status of psychological resilience among impoverished medical undergraduates in Guizhou and to analyze the effect of personality characteristic for resilience, and to provide science clues for improving resilience ability and personality education of impoverished medical undergraduates. Methods Using the Psychological Resilience of University Students and Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, 1 940 impoverished medical undergraduates were investigated who come from three medical universities in Guizhou province. Results The mean level of psychological resilience＇s value was （ 103.54 ±11.16 ）, the psychological resilience of impoverish students was middle level in general. It was statistical different from self-accept- ance, self-efficiency, stabilization and solution between female and male impoverish students. Unless fantasy, worldly-wise and ex- periment dimension, another dimension of personality trait were relooted to resilience. Using Logistic regression analysis, the results demonstrated that impoverish students personality traits was effective factors for their psychological resilience. The stabihty and constant of personality traits was positive relooted to resilience（ OR = 1.223, 1.033, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Impoverish students＂ resilience is at well level, but still lower than non-impoverish ones. Resilience is relooted to personality trait, stability and constant dimension of personality traits is important effective factor for psychological resilience.