北宋先南后北战略探析

An Analysis of the “First South then North” Strategy of the Northern Song Dynasty

宋初,赵匡胤采取"先南后北"战略,倾举国之力,用十余年时间基本统一了南方,之后却无力克北。由于宋太祖君臣对形势的误判,不但使北宋错失收复燕云的最佳战机,造成统一北方的被动局面,而且为北戎西鄙的复兴提供了绝好的时机,导致辽夏对中原的进一步掠夺扩张。从而,北部边患成为严重困扰宋王朝发展的主要因素,北宋为此付出了惨重的代价。

In early Song Dynasty, taking the strategy of＂ first south then north＂, Emperor Taizu Zhao Kuangyin poured the power of the nation to unify the south, which lasted for more than ten years. However, he had never succeeded in unifying the north later. Song Taizu＇ s having no long - range strategy and misjudging situations not only made Northern Song Dynasty blunder away the best opportunity of recapturing Yanyun causing the passive situation of unifying the north, but also provided great chance for the revitalization of Northern Rong and Western Bi causing Liao and Xia to further plunder the central plains. Thus the frontier offences from the north became the main factor of hindering the de- velopment of Song Dynasty, which perplexed Song Dynasty all along until its end.