RNAi技术及其在真菌基因功能研究中的应用

RNAi Technology and Its Application in Fungal Gene Functional Studies

RNA干扰是指在进化过程中由高度保守的外源或内源双链RNA(ds RNA)引发的转录后水平基因沉默的现象。RNAi技术作为一种高效、特异的基因阻断技术,已被广泛用于探索基因功能和传染性疾病及恶性肿瘤的治疗领域,成为2l世纪的研究热点之一。简要综述了RNAi的发现过程,作用机制,作用特点及其在真菌基因功能研究中的应用前景,为相关研究奠定理论基础。

RNA interference （RNAi） is a phenomenon of post-transcriptional gene silencing triggered by highly conserved exogenous or endogenous double-strand RNA （dsRNA） during the evolution. RNAi, as an efficient and specific gene blocking technology, is widely applied to gene functional studies and the areas of treating infectious diseases and malignant tumors. RNAi has become one of the betspots in the 21st century. This paper reviewed the several aspects of RNAi, including the history of discovering it, mechanism, characteristics, and the application prospects in fungal gene functional analysis, which may provide the theoretical basis for related researches.