出行距离与特大城市外围大型社区居民出行——以上海市为例

Trip Distance and Resident Trip in Outskirts of Megalopolis——A Case of Shanghai

近十年我国特大型城市位于城市外环以外的大型居住社区引发了很多交通问题。本文以2012年上海市外围五处大型居住社区居民出行距离为研究对象,详细对比分析了社区区位、周边交通及公共服务设施、居民出行方式等因素与居民出行距离的关系,并分通勤交通和非通勤交通两种方式进行了详细对比。研究发现,通勤交通出行距离与其距离市中心距离成正比,且选择公共交通出行的比例较高。非通勤交通出行距离主要与社区周围公共服务设施水平成反比,公共服务设施服务水平越高则出行距离越短。同时,居民出行距离越长,选择公共交通出行的比例越高;若社区周边设有大型购物娱乐设施可有效减少以购物和休闲娱乐为目的的出行距离。

In the last decade, numerous large-scale residential communities located outskirts of megalopolis （such as Beijing, Shanghai, etc） spring up, which bring lots of new traffic problems. This paper, based on the trip distance data of the resident trip in outskirt of Shanghai in 2012, does a detailed comparative analysis of the relationship between the trip distance and other three aspects （ community location, the surrounding traffic and public service facilities, the traffic modes of residents） in two conditions （commuting traffic and non-commuting traffic）. The study finds that, in the commuting trip, trip distance is proportional to the distance between the community and city center and a higher proportion of residents prefer using public transportation. Non-commuting trip distance is inversely proportional to the level of the public service facility, which means that the higher level of the public facility is, the shorter trip distance is. Meanwhile, we also find that the longer trip distance is, the higher proportion of people＇s choice of public transportation is. And if there is a shopping center around the community, the trip distance aimed at shopping and entertainment would be reduced effectively.