HIV暴露后感染分子溯源技术的研究进展

A review on the molecular tracing approaches for the identification of postexposure HIV transmission

艾滋病病毒(HIV)暴露后的感染溯源调查,依赖于传统流行病学资料与分子流行病学证据的结合使用。目前HIV分子溯源技术已被成功地应用于职业暴露后感染的鉴定、医源性感染调查、司法调查等方面。文章介绍了该技术的原理、方法、应用、影响因素和应用前景。HIV分子溯源研究中可采用不同实验室的数据对结果进行验证,但这并不是一种常规做法。要保证鉴定结果的准确性和可靠性,实验室内部质量管理更为重要。

The identification of postexposure HIV transmission depends on the combination of traditional epidemiological information and molecular epidemiological evidence.Molecular tracing approaches have been successfully used in the identification of HIV transmission after occupational exposure,iatrogenic infections and judicial cases.The principle,methods,applications,affecting factors and prospect of these approaches are summarized in this review.To validate the result of the identification of HIV transmission,different laboratory data can be used which is not normal technique.To ensure accuracy and reliability of result,the laboratory internal quality management is more important.