汕头地区女性 HPV 的感染状况回顾

Review of HPV Infection Status of the Women in Shantou Region

目的回顾过去一年汕头地区女性人群的人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus，HPV）的感染状况。方法收集2013～2014年某院妇科门诊就诊的3664例女性患者的宫颈脱落细胞，行 HPV 基因扩增及分型诊断，检测 HPV 各亚型的感染率；并按年龄分为五组，探讨各组间 HPV 的感染状况。结果 HPV 阳性标本805例（22％，805／3664），其中单一感染和多重感染均可见。单一型较常见分别为16，52，43，58和56型；双重感染较常见分别为16＋52，16＋33和43＋52型。经统计，各年龄组间 HPV 感染率差异有统计学显著性意义（χ2＝27.08，P ＜0.01），以第一组（＞25岁）、第二组（25～34岁）和第五组（＜55岁）为 HPV 感染的高发组。结论汕头地区女性 HPV 感染以16，52，43，58和56型多见，且＜35岁及＞55岁为该地区 HPV 感染的高发人群。研制针对以上型别的疫苗有利于减少该地女性 HPV 的感染率和预防宫颈癌的发生。

Objective To review the HPV infection status of the females in Shantou in the past years.Methods 3 664 speci-mens of cervical exfoliated cells of the female patients with gynecological disease from 2013 to 2014 were selected to ampli-fied HPV gene and conducted genetypes detection.The infection rate and various subtypes of HPV were analyzed.All these patients were divided into 5 groups according to their ages and the infection status of each group were also discussed.Results 805 patients were infected with HPV （22%,805/3 664）.The single infection type and the mixed infection type were both visible,HPV-16 was the most common single infection type,followed by subtypes HPV-52,43,58 and 56.HPV16＋52 was the most common mixed infection type,followed by HPV16＋33 and HPV43＋52.The infection rates of the each group were differences （χ2 =27.08,P 〈 0.01）,No.1 （〉 25）,No.2 （25 ~ 34）and No.5 group （〈 55）were the high-risk groups of HPV infection.Conclusion The main genotypes of these women whose infection with HPV were HPV-16,52,43,58 and 56 in Shantou region,respectively.The females aged less than 35 years old and more than 55 years old both had high-risk for HPV infection.It has important significance to developed the vaccines which can efficiently prevent HPV-16,52,43,58,56 and reduce the cervical cancer incidence.