天津市市售贝类水产品中副溶血性弧菌污染和耐药状况的调查

Investigation on the contamination and drug resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shellfishes sold in Tianjin

目的了解天津市不同消费场所鲜活贝类副溶血性弧菌(VP)污染状况及其对常用抗菌药物的敏感性,为采取有效的预防VP食物中毒措施提供实验依据。方法 2014年8月-11月,在市区和郊区的农贸市场、超市、餐饮单位采集鲜活贝类水产品,参照国家标准GB 4789.7—2013检测分离VP,用VITEK-2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定系统对分离菌株进行鉴定。分离菌株的药敏实验采用微量肉汤稀释法。结果各种贝类VP的总检出率为16.7%。郊区餐馆和流通环节VP的检出率分别为11.4%和28.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.66,P<0.05)。40株VP分离株对氨苄西林和阿莫西林的耐药率分别为92.5%和45.0%;对四环素、环丙沙星、萘啶酸、头孢西丁、头孢噻肟、庆大霉素、复方新诺明和氯霉素均100.0%敏感。结论市售鲜活贝类水产品中VP污染较为普遍,仅发现对氨苄西林和阿莫西林具有耐药性的菌株。

Objective To investigate the contamination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus（ VP） in the fresh and alive shellfishes at different consumer sites in Tianjin,and the sensitivity to antibacterial resistance,providing a basis for taking effective preventive measures to reduce the food poisoning caused by VP. Methods Samples were obtained in markets,supermarkets and restaurants at urban and rural areas from August 2014 to November 2014. Isolation of VP strains were done according to the GB / T4789. 7—2008. The antibacterial resistance of the isolated strains were tested by VITEK- 2 Compact automated microbial identification system. The drug sensitivity test of the isolated strains was diluted by broth dilution method. Results The detection rate of VP of all the samples was 16. 7%. The detection rate of VP of samples from restaurants and the circulation domains at rural area was 11. 4% and 28. 6% respectively. The difference was statistically significant（ χ2= 6. 66,P〈0. 05）. The resistant rate of the 40 isolated VP strains to ampicillin was 92. 5%,and 45. 0% to amoxicillin. All the 40 isolated strains are 100. 0%sensitive to the other 8 antibacterial substances of tetracycline,ciprofloxacin,nilidixic acid,cefoxitin,cefotaxme,gentamicin,amoxicillin,SMZ- TMP and chloramphenicol. Conclusion VP pollution is general in fresh shellfish sold in market,found only resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin strains. The contamination of VP in shellfishes is widespread. Strains only have resistance to ampicillin or amoxicillin.