铁路旅客列车及客运车站座便器座垫卫生状况调查

目的掌握铁路旅客列车及客运车站座便器座垫的微生物污染情况及一次性垫圈配备使用现状,为加强卫生管理、保证旅客健康提供科学依据。方法依据《公共场所卫生监测技术规范》和《公共场所用品卫生标准》的要求,对各类型旅客列车及各类客运车站卫生间座便器座垫微生物污染情况和卫生管理情况进行卫生学调查,并对旅客进行座便器使用习惯问卷调查。结果旅客列车和客运车站的座便器座垫及不同等级的列车、车站座便垫卫生指标均存在明显差异,且有统计学意义(ρ<0.05),站车等级越高,卫生状况越好。旅客对座便器的接受率仅为13.74%,影响其使用效能。结论铁路旅客列车及客运车站座便器座垫卫生状况有待进一步改善,应重点加强二等车站和普通列车的卫生监督管理,目前不宜在铁路站车推广普及座便器。

Objective To grasp the microbial contamination of toilet cushion and understand the current situation of one time use of toilet seat cover in passenger trains and railway stations, so as to provide scientific basis for strengthening health management and ensuring health of passengers.Method According to the requirements of ＂Technical Specification for Public Places Health Monitoring＂ and ＂Products Hygienic standard of Public Places＂, select some kinds of trains and stations to do a health science research on the microbial contamination and sanitary management of toilet cushion,and design questionnaire to investigate passengers on using habit of toilet.Results There are significant differences about toilet cushions between trains and stations, higher in standard,better in hygiene. The difference is statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）.Acceptance rate of toilet is only 13.74% in passengers,affecting usage effect. Conclusions Hygienic situation of toilet cushion in trains and stations need further improve, the key of supervision and administration is regular train and station, it is not suitable for the promotion of toilet in railway train and station at present.