石家庄地区无偿献血者梅毒感染趋势以及不同职业和学历梅毒感染状况调查

Investigation of syphilis infection trend in voluntary blood donors and syphilis infection status in donors with different occupational and educational backgrounds in Shijiazhuang area

目的分析石家庄地区无偿献血者梅毒流行趋势以及不同职业和学历梅毒感染状况,减少血液浪费,保证血液安全。方法分析河北省血液中心2004—2013年梅毒螺旋体酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法检测反应性献血者流行趋势变化,并对2010—2013年梅毒螺旋体ELISA检测反应性献血者职业和学历进行统计分析。结果石家庄地区2004—2013年无偿献血者梅毒感染阳性率呈波动性上升趋势,由0.156%升为0.332%。不同学历和职业献血者梅毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),随着献血者的学历升高阳性率呈下降趋势(P<0.01);自由职业者和商贸人员是梅毒阳性率最高的2个职业。初次献血者梅毒阳性率高于重复献血者(P<0.01)。结论石家庄地区2004—2013年无偿献血者梅毒阳性率呈增高趋势,梅毒对血液安全存在较高的威胁。应加强对低危群体献血者的招募工作,并加强对自由职业者、商贸人员等高危献血人群的献血前征询,增加重复献血者在献血人群中的比率。

Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of syphilis among voluntary blood donors and syphilis infection status in the donors with different occupational and educational backgrounds in Shijiazhuang area,for reducing the blood waste and ensuring the safety of blood management.Methods The epidemic trend of syphilis positive reaction was analyzed by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay in the blood donors during 2004 to 2013in the Blood Center of Hebei Province,and the difference of syphilis positive rate in different occupational and educational background during 2010 to 2013 were recorded.Results The positive rate of syphilis in blood donors in Shijiazhuang area raised from 0.156%in 2004 to 0.332% of 2013,the syphilis infection was on the trend of rise.Syphilis positive rate in different educational and occupational backgrounds had statistically significant difference（P〈0.01）,and the blood donors with higher educational background had the lower syphilis positive rate（P〈0.01）;the top two occupations with the highest positive rate of syphilis were freelancers and business personnel.The syphilis positive rate of the initial blood donors was higher than that of repeat blood donors（P〈0.01）.Conclusion The syphilis positive rate in blood donors in the decade of 2004- 2013 in Shijiazhuang area increased.Syphilis still remains high threat to the safety of blood.And the recruitment for the low-risk population should be strengthened,improve the consultation work prior to blood donation for high-risk donors,such as freelance and business personnel,and raise the proportion of the repeat blood donors.