新疆墨玉县成年维吾尔族人群龋病流行病学调查

An epidemiological investigation of dental caries among Uygur adults in the Moyu country, Xinjiang

目的了解新疆墨玉县成年维吾尔族人群的龋患状况,为南疆农村少数民族龋病的防治提供科学依据。方法根据世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》和第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,采取分层、容量、随机抽样方法,从墨玉县364个村中抽取20个村的2537名维吾尔族成年人（≥18岁）进行口腔检查,记录患龋率、龋均和充填率等指标,计量资料之间的两两比较应用了均数t检验,计数资料的比较采用了卡方检验,检测水准α=0.05,当P≤0.05时认为差异具有统计学意义。结果墨玉县2537名成年维吾尔族人的患龋率为88.92%,龋均为4.889±3.487,患龋率、龋均随年龄增加而减小,在年龄段分布上有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;女性患龋率、龋均在18~34岁与35~44岁组均高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;受检人群冠龋率、根龋率分别为78.20%、63.26%,冠龋率随年龄增加而减小,年龄段间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,根龋率在45~54、55~64及≥65岁组随年龄增加而减小,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;总体充填率为0.70%,其中≥65岁组仅为0.42%,充填率在年龄段间与性别间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论新疆墨玉县成年维吾尔族人群患龋率高,患龋率随年龄的增长呈减小趋势,龋均较高,充填率低,建议开展南疆农村的龋病防治工作,加强口腔卫生宣教工作。

Objective To investigate the status of dental caries among uygar adults in Moyu country, Xinjiang.So as to provide epidemiological foundation for prevention of dental caries in the remote countryside of southern Xinjiang.Methods According to the critetia recommended by the Third National Oral Health Investigation and Oral Health Surveys Basic Methods of World Health Organization,the subjects were sampled randomly with stratify capacity from 20 villages among 364 villages.Oral examinations were conducted on permanent tooth caries experience.Dental caries data of2537 uygur adults residents（age≥18years） in the Moyu county,Xingjiiang were recorded, measurement data between any two applications of the t test, count data were compared using the chi-square test, test level α =0.05, when P ≤0.05 considered a statistically significant difference. Results The prevalence of dental caries and mean DFT of 2537 individuals were 88.92and 4.889 ±3.487 respectively.Prevelance of dental caries and mean DFT appears to decrease with increasing age, there were statistical significance in age distribution; in the 18~34, 35~44 years old group, the female rate of caries and mean DFT were all higher than males, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）; Subjects crowd crown dental caries, root caries rates were 78.20%, 63.26%, the highest rate of caries decreased with increasing age, between ages statistically significant（P〈0.05） difference, root caries rate from 45 to 54 55 to 64 and ≥65 years decreases with increasing age group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）; overall fill rate of 0.70%,which ≥65 years old group was only 0.42%, the filling rate at ages between the sexes was not statistically significant（P〈0.05） differences. Conclusion The permanent tooth caries prevalence rate of uygur adults is still relatively high in Moyu country,Xinjiang, there remains a proportion of active untreated decays. Furthermore, oral hygiene publiczing and education should be carried out and more dental care services should be provided for the remote countryside in southern Xinjiang.