不同产地桔梗镇咳祛痰作用比较研究

Comparison on Expectorant and Antitussive Actions of Platycodon grandiflorum from Different Production Areas

目的:比较全国桔梗主产区不同产地桔梗的镇咳祛痰作用,为客观评价桔梗质量和种植生产提供参考依据。方法:采用浓氨水喷雾致咳实验、小鼠气管酚红排泄实验,观察不同产地桔梗水提物对小鼠咳嗽和气管分泌物的影响。结果:内蒙赤峰产桔梗药材最低镇咳、祛痰有效剂量为0.2 g·kg-1,在此给药剂量下,内蒙赤峰产桔梗可显著减少小鼠咳嗽次数(P<0.01),并可显著延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期(P<0.01),四川、陕西商州、重庆产桔梗可明显减少小鼠咳嗽次数(P<0.05),四川、陕西商州、内蒙赤峰产桔梗可明显增加小鼠酚红排泄量(P<0.05)。结论:桔梗具有明显镇咳、祛痰作用,内蒙赤峰产桔梗镇咳、祛痰作用明显强于其它产地桔梗。

This study was aimed to compare the expectorant and antitussive actions of Platycodon grandiflorum from different production areas in order to provide references for its cultivation and production. The antitussive activities of P. grandiflorum water extract from different areas were investigated through testing the cough times induced by ammonium hydroxide in mice. And the expectorant activities were studied by testing the amount of tracheal phenolsulfonphthalein excretion in mice. The results showed that the minimum effective dose of P. grandiflorum from Chifeng of Inner Mongolia was 0.2 g·kg^-1. Under this dosage, P. grandiflorum from Chifeng of Inner Mongolia can significantly reduce the cough frequency in mice（P〈0.01）, and significantly prolong the cough incubation period in mice（P〈0.01）. P. grandiflorum from Sichuan province, Shangzhou of Shaanxi province and Chongqing can significantly decrease the cough frequency in mice（P〈0.05）. P. grandiflorum from Sichuan province, Shangzhou of Shaanxi province and Chifeng of Inner Mongolia can significantly increase the phenolsulfonphthalein excretion quantity in mice（P〈0.05）. It was concluded that P. grandiflorum was effective for relieving cough and removing sputum. The effect of P. grandiflorum from Chifeng of Inner Mongolia was obviously stronger than that from other areas.