个体化心理护理干预对结肠癌术后化疗患者人格特征及生活质量的影响

Impact of individualized psychological nursing intervention on quality of life and personality in colonic cancer patients on postoperative chemotherapy

目的:探讨个体化心理护理干预对结肠癌术后化疗患者人格特征及生活质量的影响,旨在寻求合适的护理方法以改善结肠癌患者生活质量.方法:选取2013-06/2014-08接受结肠癌术后化疗治疗的患者120例,按随机数表法分成干预组60例和对照组60例.对照组采取常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上进行针对性的心理护理干预,手术结束后连续进行5 mo的护理干预.两组在术前和术后5 mo分别进行艾森克人格成人问卷(Eysenck Personality Questionnai,EPQ)、焦虑自评表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)问卷和简明健康问卷SF-60生活质量调查,分析患者治疗前后在人格特征、心理状态和生活质量上的变化.结果:结果显示,干预前两组患者的心理变态量表(Psychoticism,P,又称精神质)、内外倾向量表(Extraversion,E)、情绪性量表(Neuroticism,N)、效度量表(Lie,L)评分比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.113、1.047、1.034、0.958,P=0.266、0.274、0.302、0.328),干预后干预组患者的P、E、N、L量表评分低于对照组(t=2.940、3.047、3.296、3.481,P=0.004、0.003、0.002、0.001);干预前两组患者的S A S和S D S评分比较无差异(t=1.278、1.392,P=0.009、0.005),干预后干预组各评分明显低于对照组(t=2.583、2.814,P=0.009、0.005);干预前两组患者的一般健康状况、生理职能、生理机能、社会功能、躯体疼痛、精力、精神健康、情感职能评分比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.428、0.471、0.509、0.562、0.617、0.638、0.704、0.729),干预后干预组患者的一般健康状况、生理职能、生理机能、社会功能、躯体疼痛、精力、精神健康、情感职能明显高于对照组(P=0.048、0.046、0.043、0.038、0.032、0.026、0.022、0.016).结论:个体化心理护理干预能影响结肠癌术后化疗患者的人格特征并有效改善其焦虑、抑郁症状和生活质量.

AIM：To explore the impact of individualized psychological nursing intervention on personality characteristics and quality of life in surgical patients with colonic cancer on chemotherapy.METHODS：One hundred and twenty colonic cancer patients who underwent postoperative chemotherapy from June 2013 to August 2014 were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group.The intervention group received routine nursing care and individualized psychological intervention,and the control group received conventional care only.The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）,Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS）and SF-60 Questionnaire were used to assess the changes in personality characteristics and quality of life of patients.RESULTS：Psychoticism（P）,Extraversion（E）,Neuroticism（N）,and Lie（L） scores before intervention had no significant differences between the two groups（t = 1.113,1.047,1.034,0.958,P = 0.266,0.274,0.302,0.328）,but were significantly lower in the intervention group after intervention than in the control group（t = 2.940,3.047,3.296,3.481,P = 0.004,0.003,0.002,0.001）.SAS and SDS scores before intervention had no significant differences between the two groups（t = 1.278,1.392,P= 0.009,0.005）,but were significantly lower in the intervention group after intervention than in the control group（t = 2.583,2.814,P =0.009,0.005）.General health,physical function,physical function,social function,bodily pain,energy,mental health,and emotional function scores before intervention had no significant differences between the two groups（P =0.428,0.471,0.509,0.562,0.617,0.638,0.704,0.729）,but showed significant differences after intervention（P = 0.048,0.046,0.043,0.038,0.032,0.026,0.022,0.016）.CONCLUSION：Individualized psychological nursing intervention can improve the quality of life and personality characteristics in colonic cancer patients on postoperative chemotherapy.