声屏障高度对高铁(客运专线)降噪效果的影响

The influence of sound barriers with different heights on the noise reduction effect of high-speed railway

为探究声屏障高度对高速铁路降噪效果的影响,建立了高速铁路声屏障降噪模型.以武广客运专线某试验段为模型参照对象,采用有限元软件ANSYS和声学软件SYSNOISE,对不同条件下不同高度的直立型声屏障的降噪效果进行了仿真模拟.结果表明：列车的运行速度越大,声屏障的降噪作用越不明显;在同一运行工况下,桥梁区段声屏障的降噪效果不如路基区段声屏障.通过MATLAB数值拟合,发现各观测点的声衰减值是与声屏障高度有关的对数函数;随着声屏障高度的增加,声屏障的插入损失不是成线性比例的增加,插入损失函数的增长速率越来越小.在同时考虑降噪需要和声屏障成本的情况下,高速铁路路基区段声屏障的合适高度为3.45～3.95m;桥梁区段声屏障的合适高度在3.15m以上,在高速运行工况下,桥梁区段声屏障的高度还需增加。

To study the influence of sound barriers with different heights on the noise reduction effect, a noise reduction model of sound barrier for high-speed railway was established. Based on a certain section of Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway, the noise reduction effects of the vertical noise barriers with different heights and conditions were simulated and analysed by the software ANSYS and SYSNOISE. Results showed that, the working efficiency of the sound barrier decreased with the increase of the train speed. And under the same speed, the noise reduction effect of the ground noise barrier is more satisfactory than the bridge barrier. Data according to MATLAB numerical calculation showed that the insertion loss of each observation point is a logarithmic formula of the height. The relationship between noise attenuation and the height of barrier was not a linear one, the growth rate of the insertion loss was smaller as the height increased on the same scale. According to the need of noise reduction and the economics, the suitable height of the subgrade sound barrier is 3.45-3.95m. And when the train runs at a high speed above 350km/h, the suitable height of the bridge sound barrier should be more than 3.15m.