几种药剂对秋甘蓝田菜蚜及节肢动物群落多样性的影响

Effects of several insecticides on turnip aphid and diversity of arthropod community in autumn cabbage fields

以吡蚜酮、氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素、阿-氯混剂、阿-吡混剂和吡-氯混剂6种药剂进行室内毒力测定及田间药效试验,研究其对秋甘蓝田菜蚜及节肢动物群落多样性的影响。室内毒力测定结果表明:阿维菌素对菜蚜的毒力很高,致死中浓度(LC50)为0.235 6mg·L-1。吡蚜酮对菜蚜的毒力也较高,LC50为6.628 1mg·L-1。氯虫苯甲酰胺对菜蚜有一定的毒杀作用,LC50为19.306 5mg·L-1。阿-吡混剂和吡-氯混剂对菜蚜有明显的增效作用。田间试验结果表明:氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素及阿-氯混剂对菜蚜的控制效果均不理想,施药后7d防效分别为15.95%、20.21%和27.49%。而吡蚜酮及吡-氯混剂、阿-吡混剂则对菜蚜均有很好的控制效果,施药后7d防效分别达97.37%、93.29%和94.52%,且可大幅度提高甘蓝田节肢动物群落的多样性。

In this paper,the effects of six kings of insecticide treatments,abamectin,chlorantraniliprole,pymetrozine,mixture of abamectin and chlorantraniliprole,mixture of abamectin and pymetrozine and mixture of pymetrozine and chlorantraniliprole on turnip aphid（Lipaphis erysimi K.）and arthropod community diversity in autumn cabbage fields were studied.The results of laboratory test showed that the toxicity of abamectin against turnip aphid was very high（the LC50 was 0.235 6mg·L^-1）.The toxicity of pymetrozine against turnip aphid was relatively high（the LC50 was 6.628 1mg·L^-1）.Chlorantraniliprole had certain toxic effect on turnip aphid（the LC50 was 19.306 5mg·L^-1）.The mixture of abamectin and pymetrozine and the mixture of pymetrozine and chlorantraniliprole had evident synergistic effects on turnip aphid.The results of field experiment showed that the control effects of abamectin,chlorantraniliprole and the mixture of abamectin and chlorantraniliprole on turnip aphid were not satisfied,with the control rates of 20.21%,15.95% and 27.49%（7dafter treatment）respectively.The treatments of pymetrozine,the mixture of abamectin and pymetrozine and the mixture of pymetrozine and chlorantraniliprole had satisfactory control effects on turnip aphid with the control rates of97.37%,94.52% and 93.29%（7dafter treatment）respectively,and were able to raise the diversity of arthropod community in cabbage fields greatly.