九种呼吸道病毒在北京市顺义地区人群中的流行特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of nine respiratory viruses among respiratory infections in Shunyi District, Beijing

目的 了解北京市顺义区呼吸道感染病例的病原学特征和流行特征.方法 利用实时荧光PCR法和多重RT-PCR法,对2011年1月至2013年12间收集的573份呼吸道感染病例咽拭子标本进行9种常见呼吸道病毒的检测.结果 在573份样本中,呼吸道病毒阳性率为27.05％,其中流感病毒和副流感病毒阳性率最高（5.24％）,其次为鼻病毒（4.36％）和呼吸道合胞病毒（3.14％）.上呼吸道感染病例中流感病毒和副流感病毒阳性率较高,下呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒和副流感病毒阳性率较高.14岁以下儿童病例中呼吸道合胞病毒和鼻病毒阳性率较高,14岁以上人群病例中流感病毒和副流感病毒阳性率较高.不同月份检出的优势呼吸道病毒也不同.结论 流感病毒、副流感病毒、鼻病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒是顺义区呼吸道感染病例的主要病原体,且不同病例类型、不同年龄组、不同月份的病毒谱不同.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristic and virus distribution of nine respiratory viruses among respiratory infections in Shunyi District,Beijing.Methods By real-time PCR and multiplex RT-PCR,nine respiratory viruses were detected in 573 clinical respiratory specimenses collected from January 2011 to December 2013.Result The total positive rate for the nine virus detection was 27.05% in 573 specimens,the most common were influenza virus or parainfluenza virus （5.24%）,then rhinovirus（4.36%） and respiratory syncytial virus（3.14%）.Influenza virus and parainfluenza virus were the main pathogens leading to upper respiratory infection.Rhinovirus,respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus were the main pathogens leading to lower respiratory infection.Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus were the main pathogens for the 0-14 age group,and influenza virus and parainfluenza virus were the main pathogens for the patients aged more than 14 years old.The dominant viruses varied during the different months.Conclusions Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were the main pathogens leading to respiratory infection in Shunyi district,and the dominant viruses were different among different agegroups,the case types and during the different months.