发达国家促进农民增收的政策及启示

Policy and Enlightment of Increasing Farmers' Income Based on Developed Countries

改革开放30余年,我国农业和农村发展取得了显著成就,农民收入不断增长。但无论与发达国家农业生产者相比,还是与我国城镇居民相比,我国农民收入都显得水平较低,且城乡之间、地区之间以及农民内部之间收入均存在较大差距。这不仅影响我国城乡经济的协调发展,还影响到整个社会的和谐发展。为此,对美国、日本等发达国家促进农民增收的支持政策进行分析和比较研究,并结合我国促进农民增收政策及存在的问题提出重视农业立法、调整农业补贴方式以及建立健全农村金融以及农业保险制度等政策措施,为我国制定有效促进农民增收的政策提供启示与借鉴。

Agricuhure and rural development in China has gained remarkable achievements, and farmers＇ income has kept increasing, since the over 30 years＇ reform and opening-up. However, compared with the agricultural producers of developed countries, or with the urban residents in China, Chinese farmers＇ income level is still low, and the income gap between urban and rural areas, regions and peasants are big. This affects not only the coordinate development of urban and rural economy, but also the harmonious development of whole society. Therefore, this paper analyzed and compared the support policies of increasing farmers＇ income by the governments of the United States, Japan, and China; and put forward policies and measures as paying attention to agricultural legislation, adjusting agricultural subsidy methods, and establishing and improving rural financial and agricultural insurance system according to the preasent supporting policies and existing problems. This paper provided inspiration and reference for developing effective policies to increase farmers＇ income in China.