利多卡因湿化对口腔颌面外科老年气管插管患者吸痰的效果观察

The effect of lidocaine as an airway humidifier for airway suctioning in elderly patients with intubation after oral and maxillofacial surgery

目的:观察利多卡因湿化对口腔颌面外科老年气管插管患者吸痰的效果。方法:选择我科行气管插管的老年患者100例,随机分为两组,每组50例,对照组用灭菌注射用水湿化,观察组在灭菌注射用水中加入利多卡因,比较两组患者吸痰过程中呛咳、躁动及疼痛的发生率、术后24h内吸痰频率、间隔时间及吸痰时生命体征的情况。结果:观察组在吸痰过程中不良反应的发生率及吸痰频率小于对照组;吸痰间隔时间大于对照组;患者的心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(Sp O2)、平均动脉压(MAP)变化明显小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对气管插管的老年患者给予湿化液中加入利多卡因,可有效减轻患者对吸痰的不良反应,维持稳定的生命体征,减少心肺脏器不良事件的发生,提高患者对吸痰的耐受性。

Objective： To evaluate the effect of lidocaine as an airway humidifier for tracheal suctioning in elderly patients with intubation after oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods： 100 elderly patients with tracheal intubation were divided into experimental group and control group randomly（n=50）. In the control group, sterile water for injection was used singly as the humidification fluid. While in the experimental group, lidocaine was added. Bucking, dysphoria and pain incidence,frequence of tracheal suctioning in 24 h after operation, vital signs during suctioning were assessed. Results： Incidence of adverse effect and tracheal suctioning frequence were significantly lower in the experimental group, while significant fluctuations of vital signs, such as HR, Sp O2, and MAP were found in the control group. Conclusion： Elderly patients after oral and maxillofacial surgery may benefit from less adverse clinical events, steady vital signs, and improved tolerance of tracheal suctioning by adding lidocaine to the humidification fluid.