老年肺结核患者的临床特点分析

目的回顾性分析老年肺结核病患者与青壮年患者在症状、体征和影像学检查、病情转归方面的差异,探讨老年肺结核病患者的临床特点及治疗策略。方法选取确诊为肺结核的老年患者(年龄≥60岁)185例,与该院同期确诊的青壮年患者219例进行比较,分析老年肺结核患者临床特点。结果老年组患者咯血、胸痛、体质量减轻的发生率低于青壮年组,而无症状患者比率明显高于青壮年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);老年组患者病灶广泛,双侧肺受累明显高于青壮年组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.251,P<0.05);老年组痰菌阳性率明显高于青壮年组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.251,P<0.05);2组患者病情好转率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与青壮年患者相比,老年患者临床症状不典型,病灶分布更广泛,痰菌阳性率高,针对老年结核病自身特点,应予以重视。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of tuberculosis for elderly patients. Methods Collecting 185 cases of elderly patients Compared with the dults patients diagnosed with the same period the hospital, analyzing clinical data elderly tuberculosis patients retrospectively. Results Elderly group of patients with symptoms of haemoptysis, chest pain, weight loss were significantly lower than the non elderly group, the rate of asymptomatic patients was significantly higher than the non elderly group. Elderly group patients lesions is widespread, bilateral lung involvement are significantly higher than the non elderly group （X 2=6.251, P〈6.251）. The sputum bacteria positive rate of elderly group patients is significantly higher than non elderly group （X2=6.251, P〈0.05）; No difference between the two groups of treatment effect. Conclusion Compared with non elderly patients, elderly patients with atypical clinical symptoms, more extensive lesions, higher sputum positive rate, according to the characteristics of the elderly tuberculosis itself, attaching importance to it, strengthening the elderly tuberculosis research, improving the effect of diagnosis and treatment and stopping the popularity of TB.