日本中小学体育教师专业化研究——基于宏观的制度视角

Research on Specialization P. E. Teachers in Japanese Primary and Secondary Schools——From the Perspective of Macro System

自二战结束以后,日本对中小学体育教师的培养逐渐形成较为完备的制度模式。其中,强国战略和专门化的政策法规是培养体育教师的重要推动力,多元化培养机构是培养体育教师的有效途径,通识化的教师教育课程是培养体育教师的重要基础,而严格的教师资格制度则为高质量体育教师的培养提供了保障。以日本为鉴,我国应对体育教师培养的法律制度、资格认证制度、课程制度以及培养层次等方面进行完善,从而为中小学体育教师队伍专业化提供重要保障。

After the Second World War, Japan has gradually formed a more complete model of cultivating the P.E. teachers in Japanese Primary and Secondary Schools. In this model, the powers strategic and policies and laws of specialization are the external support, the diversified training institutions are the efficient approach, the general teacher education curriculum is the critical basis, and the rigorous teacher certificate system is the guarantee. Learning from Japan, we should implement reform in the legal system, the qualification certification system, the course system and the education level of the cultivation of the P.E. teachers, so we can lay the foundation for the improvement of P.E. teachers＇ specialization level.