陕西省西安市区县疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应急现状调查

Investigation of the emergency situation for agency of disease prevention and control in Xi′an

目的：调查了解西安市区县疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应急的现状，为科学决策提供依据。方法用横断面调查的方法，调查西安市14个公共卫生机构突发公共卫生事件应急现状，由统一培训的调查员填写调查表，对调查问卷的内容进行质量控制和抽样复核，应用 SPSS 18．0、Microsoft Excel 2003对数据进行统计分析。结果西安市13个区县疾控机构及隶属于西咸新区的沣东新城公共卫生管理中心已初步构建了应急组织体系，但突发公共卫生事件应急处置体系健全的仅占14．29％；应急队伍中接受过专业培训的占55.63％；100％的调查机构能根据上级预案，制定本部门预案，但仅有64．29％的机构能做到对预案进行定期演练和维护；流行病学调查队伍中有88．32％的队员接受过专业培训，应对突发公共卫生事件时从接报到出发的时间平均为0．88 h；28．57％的区县疾控无病原检测设备，14．29％的区县疾控无理化检测设备，7．14％的区县疾控无通用设备；现场流行病学、检验、突发应急管理的培训平均每年分别培训1．38次、1．2次和0．63次。结论西安市疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应急处置体系初步形成，但在人员配置、现场调查处置、实验室检测、监测预警等各方面存在诸多不足，各项能力亟待提高，资源配置有待优化。

Objective To Evaluate the status of health emergency situation of disease prevention and con-trol,and to provide the basis for scientific decision -making.Methods Using the method of cross -section investiga-tion,the present situation of public health emergency in 14 public health organizations in Xi＆#39;an was investigated,the data were analyzed by Spss18.0 and Microsoft Excel 2003.Results The emergency response system was constructed basically in Xi′an.The status of health emergency control situation was not optimistic,up to standard rate of emergency equipments was low.The emergency disposal system of public health emergencies was only 14.29% in perfect.Emer-gency team received professional training accounted for 55.63%.100% of the investigation agency made the depart-ment plans according to the higher plan,but only 64.29% of the agency can do the plan for a regular exercise and maintenance.88.32% of the team members received professional training to deal with the sudden departure time from receiving an average of 0.88 hours.28.57% counties agency had no pathogenic detection equipment,14.29% county agency waswithout physical and chemical testing equipment,and 7.14% county agency had no universal equipment.The training of epidemiology,inspection and emergency management were trained on average 1.38times a year,1.2 times and 0.63 times respectively.Conclusion The emergency disposal system of the disease control institution in Xi＆#39;an has been preliminarily formed,but in the personnel configuration and other aspects exist many deficiencies.Ef-fective measures should be adopted to strengthen construction of health emergency situation.