水飞蓟籽油致突变和致畸作用的研究

Research on mutagenesis and teratogenesis caused by Silybum marianum gaertn seed oil

目的探讨水飞蓟籽油的致突变和致畸作用。方法微核实验:昆明种小鼠50只,设阳性对照组、阴性对照组和水飞蓟3个剂量组(即20 ml/kg、10 ml/kg、5 ml/kg),每组10只(雌、雄各半),检测小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率;精子畸型率实验:昆明种小鼠雄性25只,分组同微核实验,检测精子畸形率;Ames试验:设水飞蓟5个剂量组(即5.000 mg/皿、1.000 mg/皿、0.200 mg/皿、0.040 mg/皿、0.008 mg/皿),同时设溶剂对照组、未处理对照组和阳性对照组,检测回变菌落数;致畸试验:SD雌性孕鼠60只,设阴性对照组和水飞蓟3个剂量组(即10.00 ml/kg、5.00 ml/kg、2.50 ml/kg),进行孕鼠体重、胚胎效应、胎鼠生长发育及胎鼠骨骼和内脏畸形检查。结果与溶剂对照组比较,高、中、低3个剂量的水飞蓟组雄性、雌性小鼠骨髓细胞微核率、小鼠精子畸变率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与未处理对照比较,各剂量水飞蓟组Ames试验菌株自发回变数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组比较,各剂量水飞蓟组孕鼠体重及体重增重、胎鼠体重、体长及胎鼠骨胳內脏发育指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在一定剂量范围内,水飞蓟籽油无致突变和致畸作用。

Objective To study the mutagenesis and teratogenesis caused by Silybum marianum gaertn seed oil. Methods Micronucleus test： 50 samples of the Kunming mice were randomly divided into positive control group,negative control group and group of Silybum marianum 20 ml / kg,10 ml / kg,and 5 ml / kg. There were 10 in each group（ male and female in half）. The micronucleus rate of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte were detected; sperm malformation rate test： 25 samples of the Kunming male mice,designed the groups as micronucleus test,testing the rate of sperm abnormality. Ames test： Silybum marianum gaertn groups of 5. 000 mg / dish,1. 000 mg / dish,0. 200 mg / dish,0. 040 mg / dish and 0. 008 mg / dish and 3 control groups（ solvent,untreated and positive control） to detect the rechanged bacterium colonies. Teratogenictest： 60 samples of the SD female pregnant rats were randomly divided into negative control group and Silybum marianum 10. 00 ml / kg,5. 00 ml / kg,2. 50 ml / kg group. The body weight,embryo effect,growth and development of fetal rats and fetal rat skeletal and visceral malformations were examined. Results Comparing with control group,bone marrow cell micronucleus rate of high,mid and low Silybum marianum gaertn groups of male female mice,and the difference had no statistical significance（P〈0. 05）. Compared with the untreated group,different doses of Silybum marianum gaertn Ames strains from the back variables did not change significantly（P〈0. 05）. Compared with the control group,the difference of body weight and body weight,increased weight,fetal rat body weight,body length and fetal rat visceral skeleton growth indexes of different doses Silybum marianum gaertn groups of pregnant rats had no statistical significance（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Silybum marianum gaertn seed oil has no mutagenesis or teratogenes in the definite dose range.