广东粤北瑶族地区农村妇女宫颈癌筛查的临床分析

Cervical cancer screening in rural women of Yao's area in northern Guangdong: a clinical analysis

目的：分析广东粤北瑶族地区农村妇女宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌临床特征。方法：选择2014年6-11月在韶关市乳源瑶族自治县妇幼保健院接受宫颈癌筛查的1838名农村妇女作为研究对象,进行宫颈液基细胞学检查和宫颈活组织检查。结果：35-44岁女性宫颈液基细胞学异常率、宫颈活检病理检查CIN病变率显著高于45-54岁、55-64岁女性（P〈0.05）;45-54岁女性宫颈癌患病率显著高于35-44岁、55-64岁女性（P〈0.05）。结论：35-44岁是广东粤北瑶族地区农村妇女宫颈液基细胞学检查异常率和CIN病变高危年龄段,45-54岁是女性宫颈癌易发年龄段,建议相关部门加强和完善少数民族地区的疾病筛查系统,进行早诊断、早治疗,降低宫颈癌患病率和病死率。

Objective： To investigate cervical precancerous lesions and clinical features of cervical cancer in rural women of Yao ethnic region in northern Guangdong. Methods： A total of 1838 rural women,who received cervical cancer screening in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Yao Autonomous County of Ruyuan,Shaoguan city between June 2014 and November 2014,were included as subjects in the study,using cervical liquid based cytology examination and cervical biopsy. Results： The abnormal rate of cervical liquid based cytology examination and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（ CIN） rate of cervical biopsy pathological examination in women aged 35 - 44 were significantly higher than those in women aged 45 - 54,or 55 - 64 year old（ P〈 0.05）. The incidence of cervical cancer in women aged 45 - 54 was significantly higher than that in women aged 35- 44 or 55 - 64 year old（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Among rural women of Yao ethnic region in northern Guangdong,high rates of abnormal cervical liquid based cytology and CIN are found in women aged 35 - 44; and the occurrence of cervical cancer is frequently found in women aged 45 - 54 year old,suggesting the need for relevant departments to strengthen and improve the disease screening system in ethnic minority areas with early diagnosis and treatment,so as to lower the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer.