案例引证的动力、空间与限度

The Impetus, Space and Restraint of Case Citation

随着指导性案例生成机制渐趋成型,实践机制已成为中国特色案例指导制度不得不突破的瓶颈,案例引证制度直击这一实践命题,并触及在成文法国度"案例"能够走多远的理论命题。案例引证的动力来源于法律服务的市场驱动、法官说理的内在驱动、司法内生性秩序与现实司法运作的驱动。作为一种内生性的司法现象,案例引证有生长空间,但也有其限度。对案例引证应秉持恰当的期待,不应当作法官裁判的硬任务,而应是司法市场自生自发、自然进化的现象。案例引证制度应当彰显对于解决疑难、复杂、重大、新型、典型案件的现实意义及其对于凝炼判案智慧、挖掘裁判规则、检验司法知识、提炼实践理性、发现司法规律、积淀司法传统的深远意蕴。

As the formation mechanism of guiding cases is taking shape in China, its practical mechanism has become a have-to-breakthrough bottleneck in China＇s case-guiding system. The case citation regulation is the core problem, which reaches the theoretical proposition that how far the ＂ruling case＂ in written law country can go. The impetus of case citation is from legal service market, judge reasoning, judicial endogenous order and judicial operation. As an endogenous phenomenon in judicial system, there are both space and restraint in case citation activity. Case citation should be considered with right expectation as a spontaneous and natural evolution process in judicial market, rather than judge＇s compulsory task in case ruling. Furthermore, the case citation system should exercise considerable practical impact in resolving those difficult, complicated, great, novel and example cases, and its influence should be long reaching in bringing out judicial wisdom, exploring judgement rules, cultivating practical reason and discovering judicial regulation and tradition.