随州市62年疟疾发病与防治效果分析

Analysis of malaria prevalence and control in Suizhou city for a period of 62 years

目的分析随州市62年来疟疾流行情况,评价各阶段的防治措施及效果,为我国消除疟疾工作提供一定的经验及教训。方法收集随州市1951—2013年疟疾发病疫情及发热病人血检、疟疾休止期治疗、重点人群预防服药、药物灭蚊、疟疾防治工作计划和总结等相关资料,并进行回顾性分析。结果经过62年的防控,随州地疟疾疫情已得到了全面控制,取得非常显著的效果,发病率从最高年度(1973年)的9 013.77/10万,下降到最低年度(2012年)的0.06/10万,2011年起已无本地病例发生。至2013年全市已达到了国家确定的消除疟疾标准。结论对以中华按蚊、嗜人按蚊为主要传播媒介的疟疾流行区,要科学地采取因时因地制宜防控措施,健全各级组织、强化规范管理、突出工作重点、集中基层力量、开展联防联控、加强督促检查、稳定防治队伍。并对输入性疟疾要作防控的重点,严防二代病例的出现应作为疟防工作的重中之重。

Objective To analyze the prevalence and control of malaria in Suizhou city during last 62 years so as evaluate the control measure and effect in different periods. Methods The data of malaria prevalence and control in Suizhou City from 1951 to 2013 including blood examination of feverish cases, treatment of malaria cases, drug prophylaxis, treatment of mosquito nets with insecides, etc.were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results Marked results were obtained in malaria control in Suizhou city after 62 years of prevention and control, the incidence rate of malaria reduced from 9 013.77/ 100 000, the highest in 1973 to 0.06/100 000 in 2012.No autochthonous malaria cases were detected since 2011 and malaia was basically eliminated in Suizhou city in 2013.Conclusion Anopheles anthropophagus and Anopheles sinensis are the main vector prevalent in Suizhou and comprehensive prevention and control measures be carried out including making effective strategy, strengthening and setting up malaria organizations, intensificating malaria management, conducting joint monitoring and control, stabilizing professionals, prioritizing control actions, especially focusing on the control of imported malaria cases and preventing the occurrence of secondary cases.